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转自飞鹰。作者：飞猪
这次给大家带来了咱们的邻国的直升机，卡莫夫的卡-10直升机，由于关于卡-10的资料比较缺乏（仅本猪而言），本来是不打算介绍卡-10的，但鉴于她的确是款很不错的机型，所以还是刊登了出来，虽然暂时无法给大家带来更详细的资料，但如果在以后能有机会获得更多，我将会进行补充，如果哪位朋友有更详细的资料并愿意帖出供大家学习，请与我联系。
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Kamov Ka-10的第一架原型机，在1949年8月30日进行了首飞，并在1950年投入生产。
Nikolai I.Kamov在20世纪20年代开始学习旋翼机设计，他曾与N.K.Skrzihinskii联手建造了两款苏联早期的旋翼机KaSkr-I和KaSkr-II，并获得了成功与好评。Kamov设计的第一架直升机，是在1945年设计出来的Kamov Ka-8直升机，Ka-8采用的是非常简单的无包裹的钢管及钢皮结构，架在了两个浮筒上，驾驶员完全暴露在外。Ka-8装备了一台20千瓦（27匹马力）的发动机，而共轴双旋翼结构从那时开始，就成为了Kamov设计的“标志”，这种结构使用直升机可以免去了尾浆的存在。
比Ka-8个头大一点的Ka-10在1948出现了，装备着一台41千瓦（55匹马力）的Ivchenko AI-4V发动机。Ka-10经常许多的了测试与评估，在当时，受到了不少的好评。随后，改进版Ka-10M问世了，她与前作的最大区别，就在于她使用了双垂尾双尾舵的设计，使得飞行更稳定，更有效率。
技术参数：
机组：1人；
旋翼直径：6.1米；
高度：3.7米；
长度：2.5米；
空重：334公斤；
正常起飞重量：375公斤；
动力系统：1 X AI-4V,54HP发动机；
最大飞行速度：90公里每小时；
最大飞行高度：500米；
最大航程：95公里。
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以下再给大家转载一篇Kamov的官方资料。
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（以下文章及照片转载自俄罗斯卡莫夫公司历史文档）
The spectacular demonstration of the K-8 to the numerous onlookers and the leaders of the country became a historic event which sealed the destiny of the group of enthusiasts who had built the mini-helicopter. On the following day N.I.Kamov was invited to the Ministry of Aviation Industry. The vice-minister proposed to Kamov that he became the head of a small design bureau with a view to building a helicopter similar to the Ka-8. At the same time he conveyed congratulations from Stalin in connection with the successful demonstration and informed Kamov about the interest towards the helicopter displayed by Flt. Adm. Kuznetsov. On October 7, 1948 the Minister of Aviation Industry M.V.Khrunichev issued Directive No. 772 ordering the establishment of the Experimental Design Bureau No. 2 (OKB No. 2) headed by N.I.Kamov. The OKB was to be hosted by the State All-union Experimental Factory No 3 in Sokolniki, a district of Moscow. In accordance with this directive all the specialists of the group which had been developing the Ka-8 on voluntary basis were transferred to Kamov's OKB-2.
Extract from the Aviation Industry Ministry directive
Hence October 7, 1948 is regarded as the birthday of the OKB which subsequently became a world-renowned helicopter company. However, to do justice to history, one ought to regard the pre-war year of 1940 as the year of the company's establishment. Its founder Nikolai Ilyich Kamov was born in 1902. In 1923 he graduated from the Tomsk Technological Institute. From 1923 to 1931 he worked at a number of the USSR's aircraft factories having various post's, including those of brigade chief and leading designer in the design bureau or D.P.Grigorovich. From 1931 to 1948 (with short pauses) he headed separate brigades and an experimental design group in TsAGI. Between 1928 and 1943 he was engaged in the design and construction of autogyros. In 1945 he started the design work on a co-axial helicopter.
Test pilot M.D.Gurov
The configuration of the new rotorcraft was similar to that of the Ka-8. The helicopter was powered by a 35-hp AI-4G engine specially designed Chief Designer A.G.Ivchenko. The rotor diametre was increased by 0-2 m (7.8 in.), blade chamber was introduced. Significant changes were made to the helicopter control system.
Unlike the Ka-8, the Ka-10 helicopters were built in the normal conditions of an aircraft factory. In order to check the proper functioning and reliability of subassemblies, units and systems, a considerable amount of laboratory and bench trials was conducted in parallel with the construction of the prototypes. Within a short time four helicopters were built. One of them underwent 100-hour fatigue testing, the others were used under the flight test programme. The Ka-10 made its first flight on August 30, 1949 with test pilot M.D.Gurov at the controls. The helicopters were filled with the necessary test data recording devices. Factory tests of the Ka-10 were completed by test pilot D.K.Yefremov replacing M.D.Gurov who was tragically killed in one of the test flights. The test programme comprised 200 flights totalling 25 flight hours.
The first-born of Ihe Kamov design bureau - the Ka-10 co-axial helicopter
ln October 1950 two Ka-10 helicopters were handed over to the Soviet Air Force for State acceptance (Stage 2) trials. The flights under the Stage 2 test programme were performed by NII VVS project test pilot Captain Yc.A.Gridyushko. Trials under maritime conditions were conducted on the light artillery cruiser "Maxim Gorkiy". These were the first flights of a helicopter from a ship in our country. 1950 can be regarded as the year when Soviet shipboard aviation came into being. The pilots remarked that shipboard helicopter operations had a few quirks: the increased turbulence of the airflow and the ship's rolling and pitching which complicated take-off and landing, etc. Yet they noted that the helicopter presented no problems for average-skilled pilots. The State trials confirmed the high manoeuvrability of the co-axial helicopter and its suitability for shipboard service.
The Ka-10M ship-borne helicopter
In August 1951 it was decided to build a production batch of 15 Ka-10s for the Armed Forces with a view to a more profound invistigation of the rotorcraft's uses for various naval tactical purposes. Service trials of the Ka-10 were conducted on the Black sea by a specially formed naval helicopter squadron commanded by Captain A.N.Voronin. Building on the experience of ground and flight operations accumulated with the prototypes, the specialists of the OKB introduced a number of changes into the Ka-10's design to further improve the helicopter.
Shipboard operations with the Ka-10 showed the necessity to start the construction of a new rotary-wing machine capable of lifting greater loads and less restricted by weather conditions. It was to have an enclosed cockpit fitted with the necessary equipment and providing normal conditions for the pilot, allowing him to function properly. These requirements were met by the Ka-15 which, like its predecessors, featured the co-axial layout. It was a two-seat helicopter with side-by-side seating for the pilot and a mission equipment operator or a passenger.
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来看看插件，同样是Shawn Lund的作品。
Kamov Ka-10M Hat By Shawn Lund .
免费插件，外观方面比较不错。其它方面表现一般，也是属于展现型插件，把历史名机做出来，外观很好，但由于资料缺乏，气动及系统模拟肯定是跟不上了，操纵性还是不错的，乐趣感足。这类老式直升机的系统本身就比较简单，也没有太多可以深入模拟的地方。
的确，我对直升机插件都有点麻木了，也许是尝试得太多了，我的感觉和观点或许会跟大家有很大的差别，所以有兴趣的朋友，还是推荐你自己试试。如果要说这款插件的亮点，那就是她的外观和历史了，当然也少不了作者本身了，这是该作者第一款老式直升机插件，随后他也制作几架老式直升机插件，例如之前介绍过的R-4，还有将要介绍几款直升机等等。
由于未经得作者同意，故不能将插件上传到自己的网站提供下载，所以我特将其原下载地址粘贴给大家，请在下载之前想一想，是否真的想了解更多。
Hovercontrol.com原下载地址：
http://64.34.169.161/ifolio_files/file_gallery/File--Downloads/Helicopters/Kamov_Design_Bureau2.zip
以上是Shawn自己录的FS 卡-10M录象：
http://64.34.169.161/ifolio_files/file_gallery/Video_Gallery/Various_Flying_Videos/The_new_Kamov.wmv
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有兴趣的朋友，请继续留意我以后帖出其它旧式直升机的介绍与插件推荐。
欢迎跟帖讨论。
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发表于 2008-1-30 17:52:52
发表于 2008-2-3 07:47:29
